sexta-feira, 30 de novembro de 2012

Medical and Veterinary Entomology Content Alert: 26, 4 (December 2012)




Medical and Veterinary Entomology

Cover image for Vol. 26 Issue 4

December 2012

Volume 26Issue 4
Pages 361–469
  1. Review Articles

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      Estimating the prevalence of infections in vector populations using pools of samples (pages 361–371)
      N. SPEYBROECK, C. J. WILLIAMS, K. B. LAFIA, B. DEVLEESSCHAUWER and D. BERKVENS
      Article first published online: 8 APR 2012 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01015.x
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      Blackfly vectors of zoonotic onchocerciasis in Japan (pages 372–378)
      H. TAKAOKA, M. FUKUDA, Y. OTSUKA, C. AOKI, S. UNI and O. BAIN
      Article first published online: 25 JUL 2012 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01023.x
  2. Original Articles

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      Effects of pyriproxyfen and buprofezin on immature development and reproduction in the stable fly (pages 379–385)
      S. S. LIU, A. Y. LI, K. H. LOHMEYER and A. A. PÉREZ DE LEÓN
      Article first published online: 12 MAR 2012 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01013.x
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      Effects of nutrition and density in Culex pipiens (pages 396–406)
      B. W. ALTO, E. J. MUTURI and R. L. LAMPMAN
      Article first published online: 6 MAR 2012 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01010.x
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      Blood-feeding ecology of mosquitoes in zoos (pages 407–416)
      H. C. TUTEN, W. C. BRIDGES, K. S. PAUL and P. H. ADLER
      Article first published online: 6 MAR 2012 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01012.x
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      Carrion flies of forensic interest: a study of seasonal community composition and succession in Lisbon, Portugal (pages 417–431)
      C. PRADO E CASTRO, A. SERRANO, P. MARTINS DA SILVA and M. D. GARCÍA
      Article first published online: 5 JUL 2012 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01031.x
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      Blow fly Lucilia sericata nuclease digests DNA associated with wound slough/eschar and with Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm (pages 432–439)
      A. BROWN, A. HOROBIN, D. G. BLOUNT, P. J. HILL, J. ENGLISH, A. RICH, P. M. WILLIAMS and D. I. PRITCHARD
      Article first published online: 25 JUL 2012 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01029.x
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      Species, developmental stage and infection with microbial pathogens of engorged ticks removed from dogs and questing ticks (pages 440–446)
      M. W. LESCHNIK, G. KHANAKAH, G. DUSCHER, W. WILLE-PIAZZAI, C. HÖRWEG, A. JOACHIM and G. STANEK
      Article first published online: 10 AUG 2012 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01036.x
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      Physiology and development of the M and S molecular forms of Anopheles gambiaein Burkina Faso (West Africa) (pages 447–454)
      K. MOULINE, W. MAMAI, P. AGNEW, M. TCHONFIENET, C. BRENGUES, R. DABIRE, V. ROBERT and F. SIMARD
      Article first published online: 11 JUN 2012 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01018.x
  3. Short Communications

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      Role of dung beetle feeding mechanisms in limiting the suitability of species as hosts for the nematode Spirocerca lupi (pages 455–457)
      C. A. DU TOIT, P. HOLTER, H. LUTERMANN and C. H. SCHOLTZ
      Article first published online: 20 JUN 2012 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2011.01008.x
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      Rickettsia felis in cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis parasitizing opossums, San Bernardino County, California (pages 458–462)
      K. F. ABRAMOWICZ, J. W. WEKESA, C. N. NWADIKE, M. L. ZAMBRANO, S. E. KARPATHY, D. CECIL, J. BURNS, R. HU and M. E. EREMEEVA
      Article first published online: 20 JUN 2012 | DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01017.x

quinta-feira, 29 de novembro de 2012

Study Looks At Possible Vaccines Developed From Canine Virus


Study Looks At Possible Vaccines Developed From Canine Virus

November 28, 2012
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Image Credit: Photos.com
Connie K. Ho for redOrbit.com – Your Universe Online
Dogs are known to be man’s best friend. However, on closer inspection, canines could provide even more than friendly companionship and become a gateway to infection protection. In particular, researchers from the University of Georgia (UGA) recently revealed that a common virus found in dogs could possibly help develop novel vaccines to treat fatal human diseases.
The virus, known as a parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), is usually targeted by canine vaccines to stop kennel cough and respiratory infections from developing. Researchers believe that the virus could be a foundation to help protect humans against diseases that have defended against vaccines in the past.
“We can use this virus as a vector for all kinds of pathogens that are difficult to vaccinate against,” explained the study’s principal investigator Biao He, a professor of infectious diseases at UGA’s College of Veterinary Medicine, in a prepared statement. “We have developed a very strong H5N1 flu vaccine with this technique, but we are also working on vaccines for HIV, tuberculosis and malaria.”
As PIV5 doesn’t lead to the development of diseases in humans, the team of investigators was able to place antigens from other viruses or parasites inside PIV5 so that it can act as a vehicle to deliver essential pathogens that can produce antibodies. These antibodies can then defend the body against possible infections. The researchers believe that this method allows for full exposure to the vaccine in a safer manner.
“Safety is always our number one concern,” remarked He, who also serves as a Georgia Research Alliance distinguished investigator, in the statement. “PIV5 makes it much easier to vaccinate without having to use live pathogens.”
Researchers believe that, while utilizing viruses to deliver pathogens is not new, there have been difficulties with previous experiments. In particular, if humans or animals are already immune to the virus utilized for delivery, then the vaccine may not be effective. As a result, the immune system may destroy the virus too quickly.
“Pre-existing immunity to viruses is the main reason most of these vaccines fail,” noted He, also a member of theFaculty of Infectious Diseases.
In the current study, the team of investigators showed that immunity to PIV5 didn’t change the effectiveness of the virus in acting as a delivery mechanism. They discovered that a single dose inoculation with PIV5 was able to defend the mice against a strain of influenza that was related to the seasonal flu. Another single dose of an experimental vaccine was able to defend the mice against the H5N1 virus, otherwise known as the bird flu.
Overall, the researchers have studied this topic for the past 154 years and believe that the research findings will be a jumping off point in terms of developing vaccines that can protect both humans and animals.
“I believe we have the best H5N1 vaccine candidate in existence,” concluded He in the statement. “But we have also opened up a big field for a host of new vaccines.”
The findings on PIV5 were recently featured in the journal PLOS ONE.

Source: Connie K. Ho for redOrbit.com – Your Universe Online